These controversies regarding the relationships amongst citizenship pressure, OCBs and CCBs might be because of the ways that OCBs are measured. During the literature, OCBs have normally been defined as spontaneous behaviours and rated by colleagues or leaders (e.g.2). Other-rated measurements are struggling to establish the behavioural motivations fundamental OCBs1,11. https://www.youtube.com/shorts/ZsO9iQ1SGS4