These controversies concerning the relationships amid citizenship pressure, OCBs and CCBs could be due to the ways that OCBs are measured. From the literature, OCBs have typically been defined as spontaneous behaviours and rated by colleagues or leaders (e.g.two). Other-rated measurements are unable to detect the behavioural motivations fundamental OCBs1,11. https://www.youtube.com/shorts/ZsO9iQ1SGS4