Positively charged (cetylpyridinium chloride). negatively charged (sodium dodecyl sulfate). and non-charged (polyethylene glycol) surfactants are used as potential foulant in reverse electrodialysis systems supplying seawater and river freshwater. Fouling tendency of the foulants to ion-exchange membranes is investigated in terms of the adsorption by electromigration. https://herbsdailyes.shop/product-category/e-vitamins/